Encryption
The transformation of information so it can be read only with the right key.
Encryption transforms readable information into a form intended to be understood only by someone with the appropriate key. It can protect data stored on a device or data transmitted between systems. Encryption does not hide every fact about communication: metadata, compromised devices, weak keys, or exposed plaintext may still reveal information.
Cryptographic systems depend on sound algorithms, correct implementations, and secure key handling. Public-key systems use related public and private keys; symmetric systems use a shared secret. A secure connection also needs a trustworthy way to verify who or what the key belongs to.
Encryption can reduce exposure but cannot compensate for malware, unsafe backups, weak account recovery, or a recipient who redistributes information. Keep software updated, protect keys and recovery codes, and understand what a service encrypts and who can access the keys. Requirements and best practices evolve as technology changes.
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